Inria Chandra, Hasan Mihardja
JOURNAL OF MIDWIFERY CARE, VOL. 3 NO. 02 JUNI 2023
DOI : 10.34305/jmc.v3i02.632
Abstract
Hyperemesis gravidarum (HEG) is a severe condition of nausea and vomiting, affecting approximately 50–70% of pregnant women between 5 to 12 weeks of gestation. HEG poses significant health risks, potentially leading to maternal and fetal morbidity and even mortality. Around 1–2% of pregnant women with HEG require hospitalization. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) recommends acupressure therapy as a beneficial intervention for HEG. The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of acupressure in reducing the length of hospital stay in the era of Indonesia’s National Health Insurance (JKN). This study employed a literature review design, focusing on articles published within the last ten years, with literature searches conducted via PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases. The search strategy used MeSH terms, titles, and/or abstracts with the keywords “acupuncture,” “hospitalization,” and “hyperemesis gravidarum”. The results were derived from three selected articles that met the inclusion criteria and assessed the role of acupressure in reducing hospital stay duration. A study by Aldan et al. demonstrated a significantly shorter hospital stay in the acupressure group (2.83 ± 0.62 days) compared to the control group (3.88 ± 0.87 days; p < 0.001). Similarly, Lu et al. reported that acupuncture therapy significantly reduced hospitalization duration (Mean Difference: -3.78, 95% CI: -5.39 to -2.16; p < 0.0001). The use of acupressure in pregnant women with HEG may effectively reduce the duration of hospitalization, provide a more cost-effective treatment, improve maternal and fetal health outcomes, lower maternal mortality rates, and support the achievement of the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).
Keywords : Acupressure, Hyperemesis Gravidarum, Hospitalization, JKN
Abstrak
Hiperemesis gravidarum (HEG) adalah keadaan mual dan muntah yang cukup parah, dialami oleh 50-70% ibu hamil dengan usia kehamilan 5-12 minggu. HEG dapat menimbulkan risiko kesehatan hingga kematian bagi ibu dan bayi. Sekitar 1-2% ibu hamil dengan HEG membutuhkan perawatan di rumah sakit. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) memberikan rekomendasi terapi akupresur yang terbukti bermanfaat untuk HEG. Tujuan penelitian ini Mengkaji efektivitas akupresur dalam menurunkan durasi perawatan di rumah sakit pada era JKN. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi literature review, dengan pencarian literatur dalam rentang waktu sepuluh tahun terakhir di PubMed, EMBASE, dan Cochrane. Strategi pencarian dengan MeSH, judul, dan/atau abstrak menggunakan kata kunci “acupuncture”, “hospitalization”, “hyperemesis gravidarum”. Hasil yang didapatkan dari tiga artikel yang memenuhi kriteria dan dikaji mengenai akupresur dalam menurunkan lama rawat di rumah sakit. Penelitian oleh Aldan dkk menunjukkan durasi perawatan di rumah sakit menjadi lebih pendek (2.83 hari ± 0,62) pada kelompok akupresur dibandingkan kelompok kontrol (3.88 hari ± 0.87; p < 0.001). Pada penelitian oleh Lu dkk, terapi akupunktur secara signifikan mengurangi durasi rawat inap di rumah sakit (MD: -3.78, 95% CI: -5.39 – -2.16; p < 0.0001). Kesimpulannya yaitu pemanfaatan akupresur pada ibu hamil dengan HEG dapat menurunkan lama perawatan di rumah sakit, perawatan lebih cost effective, serta dapat meningkatkan kesehatan ibu dan bayi, menurunkan AKI, dan tercapainya target SDGs 2030.
Kata Kunci : Akupresur, Hyperemesis Gravidarum, Rawat Inap, JKN
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